Design, Build and Test the Performance of an IoT-Integrated Zeolite–RO Hybrid Filtration System
Keywords:
groundwater, hybrid filtration, zeolite, reverse osmosis, Internet of ThingsAbstract
Groundwater in densely populated urban areas such as DKI Jakarta is frequently contaminated, both chemically and physically, making it unfit for direct consumption. This research aims to design, build, and test the performance of a Hybrid Zeolite–Reverse Osmosis (RO) filtration system integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT) to treat groundwater into drinking-ready water. The system consists of an ESP32 as the main controller, a flow meter sensor, a feeder pump, a booster pump, and a solenoid valve connected to a Firebase Realtime Database and the Kodular application. Testing covered three aspects: device control, water discharge monitoring, and filtered water quality. Results show that all devices could be controlled according to commands without communication errors, with an average flow sensor reading error of 1.884% (98.12% accuracy) against a 5-liter filling target. The filtered water quality showed a decrease in TDS from 153 ppm to 19 ppm (87.6% efficiency), EC from 201 µS/cm to 38 µS/cm (81.1% efficiency), salinity from 50 ppm to 0 ppm (100% efficiency), and an increase in ORP from 150 mV to 228 mV, with all parameters meeting WHO standards and comparable to branded bottled water. This research proves that integrating a hybrid filtration system with IoT supports the automatic and monitored optimization of groundwater utilization.
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