Design and Development of a Microcontroller-Based Paper Waste Recycling Machine for Producing Multipurpose Paper
Keywords:
Paper Recycling, ESP32, Paper Waste, Microcontrolle, V-ModelAbstract
Paper waste is one of the types of solid waste that continues to increase and requires effective management to prevent negative environmental impacts. This study aimed to design, develop, and test a microcontroller-based paper waste recycling machine capable of automating material weighing, water filling, paper-pulp mixing, and drying processes. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the V-Model, covering design, implementation, subsystem testing, and overall system testing. The system uses a load cell sensor to measure paper mass, an XKC-Y25-V non-contact liquid-level sensor to detect water level, and a DS18B20 temperature sensor to monitor the drying chamber, together with a DC water pump, AC motor, AC heater, and DC fan controlled by an ESP32. The test results showed a maximum power-supply voltage deviation of 2.60%, a load-cell measurement difference of 0.1–0.4 g, a liquid-level sensor response time of 0.18–0.22 s, and a DS18B20 measurement difference of 0.60–0.75 °C compared with a digital multimeter. Integration testing showed that all process stages operated according to the designed sequence. The system produced five dry A4-sized recycled-paper sheets with an average final mass of 5.37 g, indicating relatively consistent final sheet mass.
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